Middle School Grammar Review

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Adverb

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Preposition

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Conjunction

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Interjection

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Worked Examples

1. The happy puppy barked loudly.

• Puppy names an animal, so it is a noun.

• Happy describes the puppy, so it is an adjective.

• Barked shows an action, so it is a verb.

• Loudly tells how the puppy barked, so it is an adverb.

Now you try: The small kitten slept peacefully.

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2. She carried a blue bag into the shop.

• She replaces a person’s name, so it is a pronoun.

• Carried shows an action, so it is a verb.

• Blue describes the bag, so it is an adjective.

• Into shows direction, so it is a preposition.

Now you try: They pushed the green box under the table.

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3. Hooray! Sam danced and laughed.

• Hooray! shows sudden joy, so it is an interjection.

• Sam names a person, so it is a noun.

• Dancing and laughing are verbs. It joins the two actions, so it is a conjunction.

Now you try: Ouch! The boy slipped but stood up.

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Practice Questions

• (Easy) Circle the nouns: The rabbit ate a carrot.

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• (Easy) Underline the verb: Birds sing sweetly.

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• (Medium) Match each word to its job: she, shiny, under, and.

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• (Medium) Find the adjective and adverb: The bright star shone softly.

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• (Hard) Label every word in: Wow! The brave cat climbed onto the roof.

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• (Hard) Draw a sentence with a noun, verb, adjective, and conjunction. Label each word.

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Answer Key

• rabbit, carrot

• sing

• she - pronoun; shiny - adjective; under - preposition; and - conjunction

• bright - adjective; softly - adverb

• Wow - interjection; The - determiner; brave - adjective; cat - noun; climbed - verb; onto - preposition; the - determiner; roof - noun

• Answers will vary. Example: The red kite flew and dipped. The/kite - nouns; red - adjective; flew/dipped - verbs; and - conjunction.

Exam Tips & Common Mistakes

• Do not call every describing word an adjective. An adjective describes a noun, but an adverb often describes a verb.

• Do not mix up a noun and a pronoun. In Mia ran. She smiled, Mia

is a noun, but she is a pronoun.

• Check the word’s job in the sentence. For example, under shows place, so it is a preposition.

• Read the whole sentence before choosing a label. A word can have different jobs in different sentences.

• Look for joining words such as and, but, and because. These are conjunctions.

Markers look for the correct label and a clear example. Write the whole word, not just its first letter. If you are unsure, first find the action, then ask what each other word does.

Quick Reference

Part of speech

Job

Example

Noun

Name a person, place, animal, or thing

dog

Pronoun

Takes the place of a noun

they

Verb

Shows an action or state

jumped

Adjective

Describes a noun

striped

Adverb

Describes a verb

quickly

Preposition

Shows place, time, or direction

behind

Conjunction

Joins words or ideas

but

Interjection

Shows a sudden feeling

Wow!

A helpful memory sentence is: " N ice P uppies V isit A ll A mazing P arks, C arrying I ce cream." The first letters remind you: Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection.

Remember these essentials:

• Find the job each word does.

• A noun names; a pronoun replaces a noun.

• A verb shows action or being.

• An adjective describes a noun; an adverb often describes a verb.

• Prepositions show links, conjunctions join, and interjections show feeling.

Confidence Check

• I can find nouns and pronouns. [ ] 1 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5

• I can find verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. [ ] 1 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5

• I can spot prepositions and conjunctions. [ ] 1 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5

• I can recognise an interjection. [ ] 1 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5

• I can explain the job of each word. [ ] 1 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5

For a fun finish, write one sentence about your favourite snack. Circle the noun, underline the verb, and put a

End of chapter one. 5 more chapters in the full book.